The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, is the primary law governing evidence in India. It replaced the old Indian Evidence Act (IEA) of 1872. You will see five questions from this topic in the upcoming Kerala Police Sub Inspector Mains examination.
The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023, completes the "Legal Trinity" for the 2026 Kerala Police SI exam. Replacing the Indian Evidence Act, these 5 marks focus on what counts as proof in a court of law (specifically modernized for the digital age).
| Notification Number | Name of the Post | Department |
|---|---|---|
| 448/2025 | Sub Inspector of Police (Trainee) | Police (Kerala Civil Police) |
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The Kerala Police Sub Inspector Mock Test
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Kerala Police Sub Inspector PSC Mock Exam
Mock Test Pattern & Coverage
- Total Questions: 100
- Total Exam Time : 75 Minutes
- Medium of Exam: Malayalam/ English
- Difficulty Level: Same as the Original PSC Test
Kerala PSC Police SI Mains Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA) Critical Topics
| Category | BSA Sections | Key Concepts & Relevancy Rules |
|---|---|---|
| Legal Definitions | 2 (d, e, f, g, k) | Definitions of Document, Evidence, Fact, Facts in Issue, and Relevant Facts. |
| Admissibility of Confessions | 22 – 24 | Confessions via inducement/threat (22), Confessions to Police Officers (23), and Confessions of co-accused (24). |
| Hearsay & Special Statements | 26 – 32 | Statements by persons who are dead/cannot be found (26), Relevancy in subsequent proceedings (27), Public/Electronic records (29), Maps & Charts (30), and Digital Law Books (32). |
| Opinions of Third Persons | 39 – 45 | Expert Opinions (39), Handwriting & Signatures (41), Customs/Rights (42), Usages/Tenets (43), and Relationships (44). |
| Total Mark Distribution | 05 Marks | |
| SN | Kerala Police SI Study Materials & Resources |
|---|---|
| 1 | Kerala Police SI Exam Notification |
| 2 | Kerala Police SI Previous Year Questions (PYQ) |
| 3 | Free Interactive Mock Test (Mains Pattern) |
| 4 | Human Psychology Section Notes |
| 5 | BNS Sections: New Law Study Notes |
How To Study the BSA (Evidence Law) For Kerala Police Sub Inspector PSC Exam?
A few Police SI aspirants, including Ashams Jayan, a student at GJR Institute, asked this question on the SysToSys Career forum. Let me share a few tips to study BSA for the upcoming Kerala PSC Police SI mains exam.
| SN | Other Study Materials & Resources |
|---|---|
| 1 | BNSS 2023: Study Notes |
| 2 | Preparation Strategy for the Constitution Section |
| 3 | General English: Grammar & Vocabulary Notes |
| 4 | Malayalam: Grammar, Idioms & Translation |
The Digital Revolution: Note that Section 2(d) and Section 32 now explicitly include electronic and digital records. In the old Act, these were added as amendments; in the BSA, they are "native" to the definitions. It is a high-probability question for SI candidates.
Confession Rules: Section 23 (Confession to a police officer) remains one of the most critical sections for a future Sub-Inspector to understand. Even under the new BSA, the core protection against self-incrimination via police pressure is preserved. You can expect questions from this part in the future Police SI PSC written test.
Expert Testimony: Section 39 is vital for modern policing involving forensics, cybercrime, and medical reports. I suggest our students focus this area.
Students can check the complete list of Kerala PSC Exam Mock Test and Study Materials from this link.
Reference
- https://www.keralapsc.gov.in/sites/default/files/2025-11/noti-448-450-25.pdf
- https://keralapolice.gov.in/page/notification
- https://thulasi.psc.kerala.gov.in/thulasi/
- https://www.keralapsc.gov.in/shortlists
- https://www.keralapsc.gov.in/sites/default/files/2025-01/_SI_of_police_exam-%20Main%20syllabus.pdf
Author: Hari Krishnan
Hari Krishnan is the senior tutor at GJR Institute's Thiruvananthapuram PSC Coaching branch. He is a postgraduate from Kerala University and has been training Kerala PSC aspirants since 2011. He is a recognized figure among the most successful Kerala PSC tutors in Thiruvananthapuram.
Qualified educators from the GJR Institute prepare the model questions and answers for the SysToSys Mock Test App from CoreNetworkZ EdTech Solutions. You can contact Hari at hari.krishnan@systosys.com.
